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Some Jain and Hindu scriptures describe the ultimate goal of the jiva as being one or more of the following (depending on the particular philosophical tradition):
Aniruddha defines the Jiva, the empirical self, as the self determined by the body, the external sense-organs, mind, intellect, and egoism; the self which is devoid of empirical cognition, merit, demerit, and other mental modes is the transcendental Atman.[10] When the Jiva breaks the shackles of Prakrti it becomes the transcendental self.[11] Isvara and the jivas are both empirical realities; the former is the ruler and the impeller, and the latter are the ruled, the ones who are impelled.[12]
In the Bhagavad Gita, the jiva is described as immutable, eternal, numberless and indestructible.[5][6][7][8] It is said not to be a product of the material world (Prakrti), but of a higher 'spiritual' nature.[9] At the point of physical death the jiva takes a new physical body depending on the karma and the individual desires and necessities of the particular jiva in question.
The word itself originates from the Sanskrit jivás, with the root jīv- 'to breathe'. It has the same Indo-European root as the Latin word vivus: "alive".
) are used. jeevatma (also commonly spelled jivatma and paramatma To avoid confusion, the terms [4] is used to denote an individual 'living entity' or 'living being' specifically.jiva refers to "the cosmic self", atma, but whereas atma It has a very similar usage to [3][2]
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